Monday, November 24, 2014

General Specifications
Brand	Microsoft
Battery	2 x AA Alkaline (Mouse) and 2 x AAA Alkaline (Keyboard) Batteries
Battery Life	18 months (Keyboard) and 8 months (Mouse)
Interface	Wireless
Model	Desktop 2000
Multimedia Keys	Yes
OS Supported	Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows XP (excluding Windows XP 64-bit), Mac OS X v10.4 - 10.7
Palm Rest	Yes
Part Number	M7J-00019
Total Keys	104

Warranty
Warranty Summary	3 Years. <<<Click to Buy here>>>

Monday, June 2, 2014

Engineers make world's fastest organic transistor, herald new generation of see-through electronics

Two university research teams have worked together to produce the world's fastest thin-film organic transistors, proving that this experimental technology has the potential to achieve the performance needed for high-resolution television screens and similar electronic devices.

Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2014-01-world-fastest-transistor-herald-see-through.html#jCp

Two university research teams have worked together to produce the world's fastest thin-film organic transistors, proving that this experimental technology has the potential to achieve the performance needed for high-resolution television screens and similar electronic devices.
Engineers from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL) and Stanford University show how they created thin-film organic transistors that could operate more than five times faster than previous examples of this experimental technology.

Flexible, transparent thin film transistors raise hopes for flexible screens

researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory reported the creation of the world's thinnest flexible, see-through 2-D thin film transistors.
These transistors are just 10 atomic layers thick—that's about how much your fingernails grow per second.
Transistors are the basis of nearly all electronics. Their two settings—on or off—dictate the 1s and 0s of computer binary

language. Thin film transistors are a particular subset of these that are typically used in screens and displays. Virtually all flat-screen TVs and smartphones are made up of thin film transistors today; they form the basis of both LEDs and LCDs (liquid crystal displays).

Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2014-05-flexible-transparent-thin-transistors-screens.html#jCp

Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Argonne National Laboratory reported the creation of the world's thinnest flexible, see-through 2-D thin film transistors.

These transistors are just 10 atomic layers thick—that's about how much your fingernails grow per second.

Transistors are the basis of nearly all electronics. Their two settings—on or off—dictate the 1s and 0s of computer binary language. Thin film transistors are a particular subset of these that are typically used in screens and displays. Virtually all flat-screen TVs and smartphones are made up of thin film transistors today; they form the basis of both LEDs and LCDs (liquid crystal displays).

Multilayer, microscale solar cells enable ultra-high efficiency power generation.

This gives Efficiency of 43.9%,Printing based assembly of quadruple junction,four terminal micro scale solar cells allows realization of extremely high efficiency modules.
The project involved a collaborative team of researchers at the University of Illinois and the photovoltaic companies Semprius and Solar Junction. According to the group’s paper.
For more details >>> Click Here<<<<<<<

The project involved a collaborative team of researchers at the University of Illinois and the photovoltaic companies Semprius and Solar Junction. According to the group’s paper, the module’s top cell consists of a three-junction (3J) microcell with its own anti-reflective coating to ensure efficient transmission of light to the uppermost layers. The bottom cell uses a diffused-junction germanium (Ge) architecture. In a stacked 3J/Ge assembly, the top 3J cell captures light with wavelengths between 300 nm and 1,300 nm. Wavelengths from 1,300 nm to 1,700 nm pass through to the bottom Ge cell with minimal interface reflections, due to the use of a thin layer of a unique type of chalcogenide glass. - See more at: http://engineering.illinois.edu/news/article/7958#sthash.2yr50MuB.dpuf

“Printing-based assembly of quadruple-junction four-terminal microscale solar cells allows realization of extremely high-efficiency modules, - See more at: http://engineering.illinois.edu/news/article/7958#sthash.2yr50MuB.dpuf

“This is a high-throughput, parallel assembly process that allows for simultaneous formation of arrays of stacked multi-junction cells in a fully automated step-and-repeat mode with high yields—greater than 95 percent—and accurate overlay registration. A newly developed interfacial material for these stacks enables ideal optical, electrical, and thermal properties. ” stated Xing Sheng, a postdoctoral fellow with Rogers’ research group and first author of the paper, “Printing-based assembly of quadruple-junction four-terminal microscale solar cells allows realization of extremely high-efficiency modules,” published this week in the journal Nature Materials. - See more at: http://engineering.illinois.edu/news/article/7958#sthash.2yr50MuB.dpuf

Monday, May 26, 2014

Transparent Solar Cells

MIT researchers are making transparent solar cells that could turn everyday products such as windows and electronic devices into power generators—without altering how they look or function today. How? Their new solar cells absorb only infrared and ultraviolet light. Visible light passes through the cells unimpeded, so our eyes don’t know they’re there. Using simple room-temperature methods, the researchers have deposited coatings of their solar cells on various materials and have used them to run electronic displays using ambient light. They estimate that using coated windows in a skyscraper could provide more than a quarter of the building’s energy needs without changing its look. They’re now beginning to integrate their solar cells into consumer products, including mobile device displays. For Read More >>> Click here<<<<

Sunday, May 11, 2014

Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles

Fuel cell electric vehicles, powered by hydrogen, have the potential to revolutionize our transportation system. They are more efficient than conventional internal combustion engine vehicles and produce no harmful tailpipe exhaust—their only emission is water. Fuel cell vehicles and the hydrogen infrastructure to fuel them are in an early stage of deployment. The U.S. Department of Energy is leading government and industry efforts to make hydrogen-powered vehicles an affordable, environmentally friendly, and safe transportation option. Hydrogen is considered an alternative fuel under the Energy Policy Act of 1992 and qualifies for alternative fuel vehicle tax credits.

Santerno Introduces New PV Power Plant Controller that Provides Single Point of Control at Solar Power International

New Power Plant Controller Reduces Cost of PV System Management By Eliminating Need for Multiple Controllers and Includes Self-tuning POI to Accommodate International Grid Codes
Read More at >>>Click<<<<

Sunday, April 20, 2014

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) aims at making organic photovoltaics

2014_046_Umweltfreundliche_Herstellung_Organischer_Solarzellen_72dpi

The new project coordinated by Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) aims at making organic photovoltaics competitive to their inorganic counterparts by enhancing the efficiency of organic solar cells, reducing their production costs and increasing their life-time. “Green” processes for materials synthesis and coating play a key role. “MatHero” is funded by the European Commission with an amount of EUR 3.5 million.

Concentrating Solar Power - Video

Rajasthan Sun Technique 100 MW linear Fresnel project in India

•• It is one of the nearest to completion of
the CSP projects tendered under the 20
GW Indian Solar Mission, which is among
the largest renewable energy policies
passed by an emerging economy in the
last few years. The seven other CSP plants
under the first phase of the Indian Solar
Mission allow for comparative analysis
across different technology specifications
and financing solutions.
•• By awarding subsidized Power Purchase
Agreements through a competitive
reverse auction, the Government of India
was able to deploy CSP plants in a very
cost-effective way. However, it may also
have reduced margins so far that some
winning bidders will ultimately be unable
to build CSP plants.
•• It is highly innovative. It will be the largest ever plant using compact linear Fresnel, a potentially lower cost CSP technology.
•• The project is financed through a combination of private sector resources and development bank funding on non-concessional terms, which is unique for CSP.

India's JNNSM Program - High Lights

The Indian government launched the Indian Solar Mission in 2010 (GoI, 2013). Targeting 20 GW in CSP and solar PV investments by 2022, it is one of the most ambitious expansion plans for renewable energy in any emerging economy. The government faces a significant challenge to bring it to completion on time while avoiding excessive burden on the public budget.

Panasonic HIT Photovoltaic Module

The HIT (Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin layer) solar cell is composed of a mono thin crystalline silicon wafer surrounded by ultra-thin amorphous silicon layers. This product provides industry-leading performance and value using state-of-the-art manufacturing techniques.

Heat-Conducting Polymer Cools Hot Electronic Devices at 200 Degrees Celsius

Polymer materials are usually thermal insulators. But by harnessing an electropolymerization process to produce aligned arrays of polymer nanofibers, researchers have developed a thermal interface material able to conduct heat 20 times better than the original polymer. The modified material can reliably operate at temperatures of up to 200 degrees Celsius.
Read more at >>>Click<<<<<<

Tuesday, April 8, 2014

New type of Graphene-based Electronics

Using electrons more like photons could provide the foundation for a new type of electronic device that would capitalize on the ability of graphene to carry electrons with almost no resistance even at room temperature – a property known as ballistic transport.
Read More at >>>>> Click<<<<<<<<<<

Light Splitting Solar Panels

Silicon cells embedded in the solar panels today can absorb only the long wave radiation emitted by the sun. This leaves the short wave radiation of the solar spectrum unused. Using dichromatic mirrors, the latest solar panel technology splits the white light of the sun into short wave and long wave radiation. As different semiconductor material respond to light of different wavelengths, the short wave radiation is routed to gallium or indium based solar cells for power generation. While the long wave radiation is utilized by silicon based solar cells. Using this solar panel technology, an efficiency of 40 % has been achieved during the research phase. The cost per watt of solar power generation can drop down to less than U.S $3, with the use of this technology .

Diamond Film Based Solar Cells

Diamond films made up of tiny microscopic diamond crystals can behave as solar cells reaching an efficiency of up to 50 %. These films absorb heat instead of visible light to produce electricity. This phenomenon is known as thermionic emissions & no other material other than diamond is better at it. A reflective dish would be required to focus sunlight onto a combination of two diamond films separated by a very thin layer of vacuum to produce high energy electrons which contribute to generating electricity. Unlike silicon solar cells that degrade after 10 years, diamond film based cells can withstand high levels of radiation & have a very slow degradation rate. Also, the diamond film cells can withstand high temperature without any loss in efficiency, which affects the performance of conventional solar cells. Although the technology sounds expensive, at a bulk manufacturing level, the material could be made at $1 per square centimetre. The technology is at a Research & Development phase, but holds great promise to greatly improvise solar panel technology .

Thursday, March 20, 2014

WORLD'S LARGEST SOLAR PLANT

The Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System is now operational and delivering solar electricity to California customers. At full capacity, the facility’s trio of 450-foot high towers produces a gross total of 392 megawatts (MW) of solar power, enough electricity to provide 140,000 California homes with clean energy and avoid 400,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide per year, equal to removing 72,000 vehicles off the road.

All Three Units of 392 megawatt Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System Now Delivering Solar Power to California’s Electric Grid. Take 300,000 computer-controlled mirrors, each 7 feet high and 10 feet wide. Control them with computers to focus the Sun’s light to the top of 459-foot towers, where water is turned into steam to power turbines. Bingo: you have the world’s biggest solar power plant, the Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System.

Long-mired by regulatory issues and legal tangles, the enormous solar plant–jointly owned by NRG Energy, BrightSource Energy and Google–opened for business today.

Sprawling across a staggering 5 square miles of federal land near the California-Nevada border, it looks god damn beautiful.

As a step towards 'Green Campus', 1MW Solar PV Power Plant inaugurated at IIT Bombay

Mumbai, January 28, 2014: As a part of its 'Green Campus' initiative, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT Bombay), is installing a 1MWp (1 MW peak PV power) distributed rooftop Solar PV Power Plant on the roofs of its academic buildings. The Solar Power Plant was inaugurated on January 28, 2014 by Dr. Satish Agnihotri, Secretary, Ministry of New & Renewable Energy, Government of India, in the presence of Prof. Devang V. Khakhar, Director, IIT Bombay, at the Institute Campus.

Solar Photovoltaic (PV) technology is growing in importance worldwide as credible technology for supply of electricity for terrestrial applications. IIT Bombay has National Center for Photovoltaic Research and Education (NCPRE) established as part of Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) to promote research and education in solar PV. Additionally, IIT Bombay is endeavouring towards making its campus green. One of the ways towards it is to install PV power plants in academic area of the campus for partial generation of the required electricity during daytime.

For more details <<<<Click here >>>>

Wednesday, March 19, 2014

Casio FX991ES Plus Scientific Calculator

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In what way do I protect the environment with solar electricity?

A solar power system not only allows you to become less exposed to ever-increasing energy costs, but also enables you to protect the environment, as electricity generated by a solar power system eliminates many tons of CO2 emissions. for instance, 700 grams of CO2 are emitted on average to produce a kilowatt hour of household electricity in coal, gas and nuclear power plants. In contrast, a solar power system cuts emissions by 569 grams per kilowatt hour and year. Thus, 3.6 million tons of CO2 were eliminated in 2009 as a result of all the installed solar power systems.

Is my roof actually suitable?

As a general rule, solar power systems can be installed in any location where there is sufficient light. A south-facing surface achieves optimum yield at an angle of about 30°. A variation in orientation towards the south-west or south-east or in pitch between 25° and 60° will only reduce the energy yield slightly. Shade produced by trees, adjacent buildings, gables, aerials and similar should be avoided, as they reduce the electricity yield considerably.

Mounting systems are used in the case of flat roof, pitched roof or open area systems and guarantee an optimum orientation for photovoltaic modules.

On-roof
For all existing pitched roof surfaces: an on-roof system is installed without affecting the impermeability of the membrane on an existing roof.

Flat roof
For flat roofs, there are frame and tub systems which securely support modules at an optimum angle to the sun.

Open area
Systems which can be perfectly adjusted to varying or uneven substrates and landscapes; used as stand-alone applications or in solar parks.

How does sun become electricity?

The sun supplies us with energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation on a daily basis. This radiation can be exploited with the help of the photovoltaic effect. To do so, the semi-conductor material silicon is used, for instance. When a thin silicon disc is exposed to irradiation, electrons are set free and can be used to create electricity. The silver grey silicon discs are known as wafers once the production process is reached. To increase a wafer's yield, a special coating is applied which gives solar cells their distinctive blue or black colouring. A thin lattice consisting of metallic conductive strips is also affixed to ensure that the current can be conducted and used. Once this production stage is completed, wafers then become solar cells. The solar cells are arranged in rows and interconnected in so-called strings. Several strings are placed next to one another to form a photovoltaic module, which is then laminated in the last production stage to make it airtight and waterproof. The module is now ready to convert sunlight into electrical energy.

As photovoltaic modules generate direct current which AC networks cannot transmit, a further component is required for a complete solar power system: a so-called inverter transforms solar direct current into alternating current, which can then either be used directly on-site in the building or fed into the electrical grid.

What is solar electricity? And what are photovoltaics?

Photovoltaics is the direct conversion of solar energy into electrical energy. The term 'photovoltaics' is made up of the word 'photo' – the Greek word for light – and 'volta' – after Alessandro Volta, a pioneer in electro-technology ('photovoltaic effect").

Manufacturing procedure from Sand to Module.

1.Silicon

Silicon is the starting point of our solar production cycle. It is extracted from sand which is made up primarily of silicon dioxide. As the second most common element of the earth’s crust, there is an almost endless supply.

The sun is the resource of the 21st century.

Scarcity of resources, environmental degradation and damage to the environment are the most obvious disadvantages of oil, gas and coal. Moreover, fossil fuels, fossil fuel power stations and centralised power grids also make our society dependent on large corporations and undemocratic regimes. Such gigantic infrastructures are also far too expensive for developing countries, whatever happens. Renewable energies are thus the only way to guarantee an ecological, just energy supply in the future. Nuclear power does not provide an alternative either, as it is not only extremely hazardous, but is also actually a very expensive, finite resource which is by no means climate friendly.

Flying high on solar power: SolarWorld e-One is a self-sufficient electrically-powered flight system consisting of solar cells, a lithium ion battery and an electric engine. The solar plane is emission-free and powered exclusively by solar energy. The prototype is based on the ultra-light Elektra One Solar plane designed by PC-Aero GmbH.

Solar News: Solar Fuels from Berkeley Lab Researchers at JCAP

Solar Fuels from Berkeley Lab Researchers at JCAP by Lynn Yarris for Berkeley News Berkeley CA (SPX) Mar 08, 2014.

From left, Diana Cedeno, Gary Moore and Alexandra Krawicz of the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis conducted an efficiency analysis study of a unique photocathode material designed to store solar energy in hydrogen molecules. Image courtesy Roy Kaltschmidt.

There's promising news from the front on efforts to produce fuels through artificial photosynthesis. A new study by Berkeley Lab researchers at the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP) shows that nearly 90-percent of the electrons generated by a hybrid material designed to store solar energy in hydrogen are being stored in the target hydrogen molecules.
Gary Moore, a chemist and principal investigator with Berkeley Lab's Physical Biosciences Division, led an efficiency analysis study of a unique photocathode material he and his research group have developed for
catalyzing the production of hydrogen fuel from sunlight. This material, a hybrid formed from interfacing the semiconductor gallium phosphide with a molecular hydrogen-producing cobaloxime catalyst, has the potential to address one of the major challenges in the use of artificial photosynthesis to make renewable solar fuels.

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Get the offers and be a solar knowledge members at www.indian-solar.blogspot.in.

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Specifications of Microsoft Desktop 2000 Wireless Keyboard and Mouse Combo

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